mirror of
https://github.com/kernelkit/infix.git
synced 2026-07-22 01:13:00 +02:00
Joachim Wiberg
65eb4c072a
The Ethernet packet/RMON counters at the bottom of 'show interface <name>' were appended with a wider label column than the operational data above them, breaking visual alignment. Group them under an "Ethernet Statistics" section heading (Decore.title), same convention as 'Available Networks' in the wifi scan view. Narrow the operational-data label column from 20 to 19 chars so the title bar exactly matches the heading text — a tighter and more deliberately aligned look. All labels in pr_iface fit within 19 chars except 'lacp system priority' (20); rename it to 'lacp sys priority' for consistency with the other 'lacp ...' labels (lacp aggregate id, lacp partner mac, ...) so the new field width works universally. Refresh CLI snapshots and doc samples to match. Signed-off-by: Joachim Wiberg <troglobit@gmail.com>
246 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
246 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
# Link Aggregation
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A link aggregate, or *lag*, allows multiple physical interfaces to be
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combined into a single logical interface, providing increased bandwidth
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(in some cases) and redundancy (primarily). Two modes of qualifying lag
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member ports are available:
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1. **static**: Active members selected based on link status (carrier)
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2. **lacp:** IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol
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In LACP mode, LACPDUs are exchanged by the link partners to qualify each
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lag member, while in static mode only carrier is used. This additional
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exchange in LACP ensures traffic can be forwarded in both directions.
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Traffic distribution, for both modes, across the active lag member ports
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is determined by the hash policy[^1]. It uses an XOR of the source,
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destination MAC addresses and the EtherType field. This, IEEE
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802.3ad-compliant, algorithm will place all traffic to a particular
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network peer on the same link. Meaning there is no increased bandwidth
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for communication between two specific devices.
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> [!TIP]
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> Similar to other interface types, naming your interface `lagN`, where
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> `N` is a number, allows the CLI to automatically infer the interface
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> type as LAG.
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## Basic Configuration
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Creating a link aggregate interface and adding member ports:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>configure</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>edit interface lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag mode static</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>end</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>set interface eth7 lag-port lag lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>set interface eth8 lag-port lag lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>leave</b>
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</code></pre>
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A static lag responds only to link (carrier) changes of member ports.
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E.g., in this example egressing traffic is continuously distributed over
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the two links until link down on one link is detected, triggering all
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traffic to be steered to the sole remaining link.
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## LACP Configuration
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LACP mode provides dynamic negotiation of the link aggregate. Key
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settings include:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>configure</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>edit interface lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag mode lacp</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag lacp mode passive</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag lacp rate fast</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag lacp system-priority 100</b>
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</code></pre>
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LACP mode supports two operational modes:
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- **active:** Initiates negotiation by sending LACPDUs (default)
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- **passive:** Waits for peer to initiate negotiation
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> [!NOTE]
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> At least one end of the link must be in active mode for negotiation to occur.
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The LACP rate setting controls protocol timing:
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- **slow:** LACPDUs sent every 30 seconds, with 90 second timeout (default)
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- **fast:** LACPDUs sent every second, with 3 second timeout
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## Link Flapping
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To protect against link flapping, debounce timers can be configured to
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delay link qualification. Usually only the `up` delay is needed:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/> <b>edit debounce</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>set up 500</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>set down 200</b>
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</code></pre>
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## Operational Status, Overview
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Like other interfaces, link aggregates are also available in the general
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interfaces overview in the CLI admin-exec context. Here is the above
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static mode aggregate:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>show interface</b>
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<span class="header">INTERFACE PROTOCOL STATE DATA </span>
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lo ethernet UP 00:00:00:00:00:00
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ipv4 127.0.0.1/8 (static)
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ipv6 ::1/128 (static)
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.
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.
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.
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lag0 lag UP static: balance-xor, hash: layer2
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│ ethernet UP 00:a0:85:00:02:00
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├ eth7 lag ACTIVE
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└ eth8 lag ACTIVE
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</code></pre>
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Same aggregate, but in LACP mode:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>show interface</b>
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<span class="header">INTERFACE PROTOCOL STATE DATA </span>
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lo ethernet UP 00:00:00:00:00:00
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ipv4 127.0.0.1/8 (static)
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ipv6 ::1/128 (static)
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.
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.
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.
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lag0 lag UP lacp: active, rate: fast (1s), hash: layer2
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│ ethernet UP 00:a0:85:00:02:00
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├ eth7 lag ACTIVE active, short_timeout, aggregating, in_sync, collecting, distributing
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└ eth8 lag ACTIVE active, short_timeout, aggregating, in_sync, collecting, distributing
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</code></pre>
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## Operational Status, Detail
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In addition to basic status shown in the interface overview, detailed
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LAG status can be inspected:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>show interface lag0</b>
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name : lag0
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index : 25
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mtu : 1500
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operational status : up
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physical address : 00:a0:85:00:02:00
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lag mode : static
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lag type : balance-xor
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lag hash : layer2
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link debounce up : 0 msec
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link debounce down : 0 msec
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ipv4 addresses :
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ipv6 addresses :
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in-octets : 0
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out-octets : 2142
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</code></pre>
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Same aggregate, but in LACP mode:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>show interface lag0</b>
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name : lag0
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index : 24
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mtu : 1500
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operational status : up
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physical address : 00:a0:85:00:02:00
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lag mode : lacp
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lag hash : layer2
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lacp mode : active
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lacp rate : fast (1s)
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lacp aggregate id : 1
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lacp system priority: 65535
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lacp actor key : 9
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lacp partner key : 9
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lacp partner mac : 00:a0:85:00:03:00
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link debounce up : 0 msec
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link debounce down : 0 msec
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ipv4 addresses :
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ipv6 addresses :
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in-octets : 100892
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out-octets : 111776
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</code></pre>
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Member ports provide additional status information:
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- Link failure counter: number of detected link failures
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- LACP state flags: various states of LACP negotiation:
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- `active`: port is actively sending LACPDUs
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- `short_timeout`: using fast rate (1s) vs. slow rate (30s)
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- `aggregating`: port is allowed to aggregate in this LAG
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- `in_sync`: port is synchronized with partner
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- `collecting`: port is allowed to receive traffic
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- `distributing`: port is allowed to send traffic
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- `defaulted`: using default partner info (partner not responding)
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- `expired`: partner info has expired (no LACPDUs received)
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- Aggregator ID: unique identifier for this LAG group
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- Actor state: LACP state flags for this port (local)
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- Partner state: LACP state flags from the remote port
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Example member port status:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>show interface eth7</b>
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name : eth7
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index : 8
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mtu : 1500
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operational status : up
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physical address : 00:a0:85:00:02:00
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lag member : lag0
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lag member state : active
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lacp aggregate id : 1
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lacp actor state : active, short_timeout, aggregating, in_sync, collecting, distributing
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lacp partner state : active, short_timeout, aggregating, in_sync, collecting, distributing
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link failure count : 0
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ipv4 addresses :
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ipv6 addresses :
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in-octets : 473244
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out-octets : 499037
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</code></pre>
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## Example: Switch Uplink with LACP
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LACP mode provides the most robust operation, automatically negotiating
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the link aggregate and detecting configuration mismatches.
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A common use case is connecting a switch to an upstream device:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/> <b>configure</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>edit interface lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag mode lacp</b>
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</code></pre>
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Enable fast LACP for quicker fail-over:
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>set lag lacp rate fast</b>
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</code></pre>
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Add uplink ports
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>end</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>set interface eth7 lag-port lag lag0</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>set interface eth8 lag-port lag lag0</b>
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</code></pre>
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Enable protection against "link flapping".
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/> <b>edit lag link-monitor</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/> <b>edit debounce</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>set up 500</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>set down 200</b>
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admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>top</b>
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</code></pre>
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Add to bridge for switching
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<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/interface/lag0/lag/link-monitor/debounce/> <b>end</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>set interface lag0 bridge-port bridge br0</b>
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admin@example:/config/> <b>leave</b>
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</code></pre>
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[^1]: `(source MAC XOR destination MAC XOR EtherType) MODULO num_links`
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