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Merge pull request #786 from kernelkit/update-discovery-md
Update discovery.md on mDNS Information Signed-off-by: Joachim Wiberg <troglobit@gmail.com>
This commit is contained in:
Joachim Wiberg
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ All notable changes to the project are documented in this file.
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- Support for saving and restoring system clock from a disk file. This
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allows restoring the system clock to a sane date in case the RTC is
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disabled or does not have a valid time, issue #794
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- Updated Discovery documentation with information on `infix.local`
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mDNS alias, `netbrowse` support to discover *all* local units, and
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command examples for disabling LLDP and mDNS services, issue #786
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### Fixes
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- Fix #685: DSA conduit interface not always detected, randomly causing
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+142
-28
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ seen in the response.
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In the example below, the PC is connected to Infix via interface *tap0*
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(*tap0* is *if1* in Figure 1) and Infix responds with address
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*fe80::ff:fe00:0*.
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*fe80::ff:fec0:ffed*.
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```
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linux-pc:# ping -6 -L -c 3 ff02::1%tap0
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PING ff02::1%tap0(ff02::1%tap0) 56 data bytes
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fe00:0%tap0: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.558 ms
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fe00:0%tap0: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.419 ms
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fe00:0%tap0: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.389 ms
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fec0:ffed%tap0: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.558 ms
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fec0:ffed%tap0: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.419 ms
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64 bytes from fe80::ff:fec0:ffed%tap0: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.389 ms
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--- ff02::1%tap0 ping statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2043ms
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@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ linux-pc:#
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The PC could connect then connect to Infix, e.g., using SSH.
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```
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linux-pc:# ssh admin@fe80::ff:fe00:0%tap0
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admin@fe80::ff:fe00:0%tap0's password: admin
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admin@infix-00-00-00:~$
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linux-pc:# ssh admin@fe80::ff:fec0:ffed%tap0
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admin@fe80::ff:fec0:ffed%tap0's password: admin
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:~$
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```
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## Discovery mechanisms available in Infix
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@@ -55,18 +55,18 @@ linux-pc:# tcpdump -i tap0 -Qin -v ether proto 0x88cc
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tcpdump: listening on tap0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
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15:51:52.061071 LLDP, length 193
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Chassis ID TLV (1), length 7
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Subtype MAC address (4): 02:00:00:00:00:00 (oui Unknown)
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Subtype MAC address (4): 02:00:00:c0:ff:ee (oui Unknown)
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Port ID TLV (2), length 7
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Subtype MAC address (3): 02:00:00:00:00:00 (oui Unknown)
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Subtype MAC address (3): 02:00:00:c0:ff:ee (oui Unknown)
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Time to Live TLV (3), length 2: TTL 120s
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System Name TLV (5), length 14: infix-00-00-00
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System Name TLV (5), length 14: infix-c0-ff-ee
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System Description TLV (6), length 91
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Infix by KernelKit Linux 5.19.17 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Jun 7 08:47:23 CEST 2023 x86_64
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System Capabilities TLV (7), length 4
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System Capabilities [Bridge, WLAN AP, Router, Station Only] (0x009c)
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Enabled Capabilities [Station Only] (0x0080)
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Management Address TLV (8), length 24
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Management Address length 17, AFI IPv6 (2): fe80::ff:fe00:0
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Management Address length 17, AFI IPv6 (2): fe80::ff:fec0:ffed
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Interface Index Interface Numbering (2): 2
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Port Description TLV (4), length 4: eth0
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Organization specific TLV (127), length 9: OUI IEEE 802.3 Private (0x00120f)
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@@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ linux-pc:# sudo tcpdump -i tap0 -Qin -v ether proto 0x88cc
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tcpdump: listening on tap0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
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15:46:07.908665 LLDP, length 207
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Chassis ID TLV (1), length 7
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Subtype MAC address (4): 02:00:00:00:00:00 (oui Unknown)
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Subtype MAC address (4): 02:00:00:c0:ff:ee (oui Unknown)
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Port ID TLV (2), length 7
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Subtype MAC address (3): 02:00:00:00:00:00 (oui Unknown)
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Subtype MAC address (3): 02:00:00:c0:ff:ee (oui Unknown)
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Time to Live TLV (3), length 2: TTL 120s
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System Name TLV (5), length 14: infix-00-00-00
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System Name TLV (5), length 14: infix-c0-ff-ee
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System Description TLV (6), length 91
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Infix by KernelKit Linux 5.19.17 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Jun 7 08:47:23 CEST 2023 x86_64
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System Capabilities TLV (7), length 4
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@@ -134,6 +134,15 @@ linux-pc:#
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(LLDP)](https://github.com/lldp/lldpd) includes *lldpcli*, which
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is handy to sniff and display LLDP packets.
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The LLDP service can be disabled using the following commands.
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```
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/> configure
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/> no lldp
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/> leave
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/>
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```
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### mDNS
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DNS-SD/mDNS can be used to discover Infix units and services. Infix
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@@ -144,33 +153,138 @@ be used to search for devices advertising their services via mDNS.
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```
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linux-pc:# avahi-browse -ar
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+ tap0 IPv6 infix-00-00-00 SFTP File Transfer local
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+ tap0 IPv4 infix-00-00-00 SFTP File Transfer local
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+ tap0 IPv6 infix-00-00-00 SSH Remote Terminal local
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+ tap0 IPv4 infix-00-00-00 SSH Remote Terminal local
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= tap0 IPv4 infix-00-00-00 SFTP File Transfer local
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hostname = [infix-00-00-00.local]
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+ tap0 IPv6 infix-c0-ff-ee SFTP File Transfer local
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+ tap0 IPv4 infix-c0-ff-ee SFTP File Transfer local
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+ tap0 IPv6 infix-c0-ff-ee SSH Remote Terminal local
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+ tap0 IPv4 infix-c0-ff-ee SSH Remote Terminal local
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= tap0 IPv4 infix-c0-ff-ee SFTP File Transfer local
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hostname = [infix-c0-ff-ee.local]
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address = [10.0.1.1]
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port = [22]
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txt = []
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= tap0 IPv4 infix-00-00-00 SSH Remote Terminal local
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hostname = [infix-00-00-00.local]
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= tap0 IPv4 infix-c0-ff-ee SSH Remote Terminal local
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hostname = [infix-c0-ff-ee.local]
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address = [10.0.1.1]
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port = [22]
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txt = []
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= tap0 IPv6 infix-00-00-00 SFTP File Transfer local
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hostname = [infix-00-00-00.local]
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address = [fe80::ff:fe00:0]
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= tap0 IPv6 infix-c0-ff-ee SFTP File Transfer local
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hostname = [infix-c0-ff-ee.local]
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address = [fe80::ff:fec0:ffed]
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port = [22]
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txt = []
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= tap0 IPv6 infix-00-00-00 SSH Remote Terminal local
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hostname = [infix-00-00-00.local]
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address = [fe80::ff:fe00:0]
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= tap0 IPv6 infix-c0-ff-ee SSH Remote Terminal local
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hostname = [infix-c0-ff-ee.local]
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address = [fe80::ff:fec0:ffed]
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port = [22]
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txt = []
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^C
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linux-pc:#
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```
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Additionally, *avahi-resolve-host-name* can be used to verify domain
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name mappings for IP addresses. By default, it translates from IPv4
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addresses. This function allows users to confirm that addresses are
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mapped correctly.
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```
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linux-pc:# avahi-resolve-host-name infix-c0-ff-ee.local
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infix-c0-ff-ee.local 10.0.1.1
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linux-pc:#
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```
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Thanks to mDNS we can use the advertised name instead of the IP
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address for operations like `ping` and `ssh` as shown below:
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```
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linux-pc:# ping infix-c0-ff-ee.local -c 3
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PING infix-c0-ff-ee.local (10.0.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.852 ms
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.12 ms
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.35 ms
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--- infix-c0-ff-ee.local ping statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
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rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.852/1.105/1.348/0.202 ms
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linux-pc:# ssh admin@infix-c0-ff-ee.local
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(admin@infix-c0-ff-ee.local) Password:
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.-------.
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| . . | Infix -- a Network Operating System
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|-. v .-| https://kernelkit.org
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'-'---'-
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Run the command 'cli' for interactive OAM
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linux-pc:#
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```
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To disable mDNS/mDNS-SD, type the commands:
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```
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/> configure
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/> no mdns
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/> leave
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```
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#### Human-Friendly Hostname Alias
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Each Infix unit will advertise itself as *infix.local*, in addition to
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its full hostname (e.g., *infix-c0-ff-ee.local* or *foo.local*). This
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alias works seamlessly on a network with a single Infix device, and
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makes it easy to connect when the exact hostname is not known in
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advance. The examples below show how the alias can be used for
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actions such as pinging or establishing an SSH connection:
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```
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linux-pc:# ping infix.local -c 3
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PING infix.local (10.0.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.751 ms
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=2.28 ms
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64 bytes from 10.0.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.42 ms
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--- infix.local ping statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
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rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.751/1.482/2.281/0.626 ms
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linux-pc:# ssh admin@infix.local
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(admin@infix.local) Password:
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.-------.
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| . . | Infix -- a Network Operating System
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|-. v .-| https://kernelkit.org
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'-'---'-
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Run the command 'cli' for interactive OAM
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linux-pc:#
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```
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When multiple Infix devices are present on the LAN the alias will not
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uniquely identify a device; *infix.local* will refer to any of the
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Infix devices, likely the one that first appeared.
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> When multiple Infix units are present, use the full hostname (e.g.,
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> *infix-c0-ff-ee.local* or *foo.local*) rather than the alias
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> infix.local to deterministically connect to a unit.
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#### Netbrowse service to find all your devices
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Another mDNS alias that all Infix devices can advertise is
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*network.local*. This is a web service which basically runs avahi-browse
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and displays a table of other Infix devices and their services.
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With multiple Infix devices on the LAN, one will be your portal to
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access all others, if it goes down another will take its place.
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To disable the netbrowse service, the following commands can be used:
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```
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/> configure
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/> edit web
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/web/> no netbrowse
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admin@infix-c0-ff-ee:/config/web/> leave
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```
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[^2]: [mdns-scan](http://0pointer.de/lennart/projects/mdns-scan/): a
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tool for scanning for mDNS/DNS-SD published services on the local
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network
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