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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" class="no-js"><head>
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DHCP Server
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Introduction
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Networking
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Overview
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Common Settings
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Bridging
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Link Aggregation
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Ethernet Interfaces
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IP Addressing
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Routing
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Firewall Configuration
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DHCP Server
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DHCP Server
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Basic Configuration
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Static Host Assignment
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
<h1 id="dhcp-server">DHCP Server<a class="headerlink" href="#dhcp-server" title="Permanent link"></a></h1>
<p>The DHCPv4 server provides automatic IP address assignment and network
configuration for clients. It supports address pools, static host
assignments, and customizable DHCP options. It also serves as a DNS
proxy for local subnets and can even forward queries to upstream DNS
servers<sup id="fnref:1"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:1">1</a></sup>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>When using the CLI, the system automatically enables essential options
like DNS servers and default gateway based on the system's network
configuration. These options can be disabled, changed or overridden,
at any level: global, subnet, or per-host.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="basic-configuration">Basic Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-configuration" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>The following example configures a DHCP server for subnet 192.168.2.0/24
with an address pool:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/&gt; <b>configure</b>
admin@example:/config/&gt; <b>edit dhcp-server subnet 192.168.2.0/24</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>set pool start-address 192.168.2.100 end-address 192.168.2.200</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<p>When setting up the server from the CLI, the system automatically adds a
few default DHCP options that will be sent to clients: both DNS server
and default gateway will use the system address on the matching
interface.</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/&gt; <b>show running-config</b>
"infix-dhcp-server:dhcp-server": {
"subnet": [
{
"subnet": "192.168.2.0/24",
"option": [
{
"id": "dns-server",
"address": "auto"
},
{
"id": "router",
"address": "auto"
}
],
"pool": {
"start-address": "192.168.2.100",
"end-address": "192.168.2.200"
}
}
]
}
</code></pre>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>Remember to set up an interface in this subnet, avoid using addresses
in the DHCP pool, or reserved for static hosts. In Class C networks
the router usually has address <code>.1</code>. Depending on the use-case, you
may also want to set up routing.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="static-host-assignment">Static Host Assignment<a class="headerlink" href="#static-host-assignment" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>To reserve specific IP addresses for clients based on their MAC address,
hostname, or client ID:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>edit host 192.168.2.10</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.10/&gt; <b>set match mac-address 00:11:22:33:44:55</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.10/&gt; <b>set hostname printer</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.2.10/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<p>Match hosts using a client identifier instead of MAC address:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.1.0/24/&gt; <b>edit host 192.168.1.50</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.1.50/&gt; <b>edit match</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/match/&gt; <b>set client-id hex c0:ff:ee</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/match/&gt; <b>leave</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.1.50/&gt; <b>set lease-time infinite</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/…/192.168.1.50/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<p>The <code>hex</code> prefix here ensures matching of client ID is done using the
hexadecimal octets <code>c0:ff:ee</code>, three bytes. Without the prefix the
ASCII string "c0:ff:ee", eight bytes, is used.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The DHCP server is fully RFC conformant, in the case of option 61 this
means that using the <code>hex</code> prefix will require the client to set the
<code>htype</code> field of the option to <code>00</code>. See RFC 2132 for details.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="custom-dhcp-options">Custom DHCP Options<a class="headerlink" href="#custom-dhcp-options" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>Configure additional DHCP options globally, per subnet, or per host:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/&gt; <b>edit subnet 192.168.2.0/24</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>edit option dns-server</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/option/dns-server/&gt; <b>set address 8.8.8.8</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/option/dns-server/&gt; <b>leave</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>edit option ntp-server</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/option/ntp-server/&gt; <b>set address 192.168.2.1</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/option/ntp-server/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<p>When configuring, e.g., <code>dns-server</code>, or <code>router</code> options with the value
<code>auto</code>, the system uses the IP address from the interface matching the
subnet. For example:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/&gt; <b>show interfaces</b>
<span class="header">INTERFACE PROTOCOL STATE DATA </span>
eth0 ethernet UP 02:00:00:00:00:00
ipv4 192.168.1.1/24 (static)
eth1 ethernet UP 02:00:00:00:00:01
ipv4 192.168.2.1/24 (static)
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.1.0/24/&gt; <b>edit option dns-server</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.1.0/24/option/dns-server/&gt; <b>set address auto</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.1.0/24/option/dns-server/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<p>In this case, clients in subnet 192.168.1.0/24 will receive 192.168.1.1
as their DNS server address.</p>
<h2 id="multiple-subnets">Multiple Subnets<a class="headerlink" href="#multiple-subnets" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>Configure DHCP for multiple networks:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/&gt; <b>configure</b>
admin@example:/config/&gt; <b>edit dhcp-server</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/&gt; <b>edit subnet 192.168.1.0/24</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.1.0/24/&gt; <b>set pool start-address 192.168.1.100 end-address 192.168.1.200</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.1.0/24/&gt; <b>leave</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/&gt; <b>edit subnet 192.168.2.0/24</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>set pool start-address 192.168.2.100 end-address 192.168.2.200</b>
admin@example:/config/dhcp-server/subnet/192.168.2.0/24/&gt; <b>leave</b>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="monitoring">Monitoring<a class="headerlink" href="#monitoring" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>View active leases and server statistics:</p>
<pre class="cli"><code>admin@example:/&gt; <b>show dhcp-server</b>
<span class="header">IP ADDRESS MAC HOSTNAME CLIENT ID EXPIRES</span>
192.168.2.22 00:a0:85:00:02:05 00:c0:ff:ee 3591s
192.168.1.11 00:a0:85:00:04:06 foo 01:00:a0:85:00:04:06 3591s
admin@example:/&gt; <b>show dhcp-server statistics</b>
DHCP offers sent : 6
DHCP ACK messages sent : 5
DHCP NAK messages sent : 0
DHCP decline messages received : 0
DHCP discover messages received : 6
DHCP request messages received : 5
DHCP release messages received : 6
DHCP inform messages received : 6
</code></pre>
<div class="footnote">
<hr>
<ol>
<li id="fn:1">
<p>This requires the system DNS resolver to be configured.&nbsp;<a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref:1" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text">↩</a></p>
</li>
</ol>
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