Merge pull request #1240 from kernelkit/bananapi-emmc

Bananapi eMMC support
2026-07-22 17:23:00 +02:00 · 2025-11-14 06:02:05 +01:00
parent dba3a0b848 baf554248d
commit 00f20612f2
16 changed files with 589 additions and 100 deletions
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        defconfig:
          - aarch64_qemu_boot
-          - bpi_r3_boot
+          - bpi_r3_sd_boot
+          - bpi_r3_emmc_boot
          - cn9130_crb_boot
          - fireant_boot
          - nanopi_r2s_boot
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Create SD Card Images
+name: Create SD Card & eMMC Images

 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
@@ -56,21 +56,33 @@ jobs:
            raspberrypi-rpi64)
              echo "BOOTLOADER=rpi64_boot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              echo "TARGET=aarch64" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              echo "BUILD_EMMC=false" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              ;;
            bananapi-bpi-r3)
-              echo "BOOTLOADER=bpi_r3_boot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              echo "BOOTLOADER_SD=bpi_r3_sd_boot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              echo "BOOTLOADER_EMMC=bpi_r3_emmc_boot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              echo "TARGET=aarch64" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              echo "BUILD_EMMC=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              ;;
            friendlyarm-nanopi-r2s)
              echo "BOOTLOADER=nanopi_r2s_boot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              echo "TARGET=aarch64" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+              echo "BUILD_EMMC=false" >> $GITHUB_ENV
              ;;
            *)
              echo "Error: Unknown board ${{ inputs.board }}"
              exit 1
              ;;
          esac
-          echo "Using bootloader: $BOOTLOADER and target: $TARGET for board: ${{ inputs.board }}"
+          echo "Target: $TARGET for board: ${{ inputs.board }}"
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            echo "Building both SD and eMMC images"
+            echo "SD Bootloader: $BOOTLOADER_SD"
+            echo "eMMC Bootloader: $BOOTLOADER_EMMC"
+          else
+            echo "Building SD image only"
+            echo "Bootloader: $BOOTLOADER"
+          fi

      - name: Download bootloader artifacts
        if: ${{ !inputs.use_latest_release }}
@@ -79,16 +91,41 @@ jobs:
          gh run list --workflow=build-boot.yml --branch=main --limit=1 --status=success --json databaseId --jq '.[0].databaseId' > latest_boot_run_id
          BOOT_RUN_ID=$(cat latest_boot_run_id)

-          gh run download ${BOOT_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${BOOTLOADER} --dir temp_bootloader/
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            # Download both SD and eMMC bootloaders for boards that support both
+            echo "Downloading SD bootloader: ${BOOTLOADER_SD}"
+            gh run download ${BOOT_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${BOOTLOADER_SD} --dir temp_bootloader_sd/
+            mkdir -p output_sd/images
+            cd temp_bootloader_sd/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_sd/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader_sd/

-          # Extract bootloader directly to output/images
-          cd temp_bootloader/
-          tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
-          cd ../
-          rm -rf temp_bootloader/
+            echo "Downloading eMMC bootloader: ${BOOTLOADER_EMMC}"
+            gh run download ${BOOT_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${BOOTLOADER_EMMC} --dir temp_bootloader_emmc/
+            mkdir -p output_emmc/images
+            cd temp_bootloader_emmc/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_emmc/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader_emmc/

-          echo "Bootloader files extracted to output/images:"
-          ls -la output/images/
+            echo "SD bootloader files:"
+            ls -la output_sd/images/
+            echo "eMMC bootloader files:"
+            ls -la output_emmc/images/
+          else
+            # Single bootloader for boards that only support SD
+            gh run download ${BOOT_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${BOOTLOADER} --dir temp_bootloader/
+
+            # Extract bootloader directly to output/images
+            cd temp_bootloader/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader/
+
+            echo "Bootloader files extracted to output/images:"
+            ls -la output/images/
+          fi
        env:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

@@ -99,90 +136,193 @@ jobs:
          gh run list --workflow=164295764 --branch=main --limit=1 --status=success --json databaseId --jq '.[0].databaseId' > latest_infix_run_id
          INFIX_RUN_ID=$(cat latest_infix_run_id)

-          gh run download ${INFIX_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${TARGET} --dir temp_infix/
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            # Copy Infix artifacts to both SD and eMMC output directories
+            gh run download ${INFIX_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${TARGET} --dir temp_infix/

-          # Extract Infix directly to output/images
-          cd temp_infix/
-          tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
-          cd ../
-          rm -rf temp_infix/
+            cd temp_infix/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_sd/images/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_emmc/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_infix/

-          echo "Infix files extracted to output/images:"
-          ls -la output/images/
+            echo "Infix files extracted to output_sd/images:"
+            ls -la output_sd/images/
+            echo "Infix files extracted to output_emmc/images:"
+            ls -la output_emmc/images/
+          else
+            # Single output directory for SD-only boards
+            gh run download ${INFIX_RUN_ID} --name artifact-${TARGET} --dir temp_infix/
+
+            # Extract Infix directly to output/images
+            cd temp_infix/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_infix/
+
+            echo "Infix files extracted to output/images:"
+            ls -la output/images/
+          fi
        env:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Download from latest releases
        if: ${{ inputs.use_latest_release }}
        run: |
-          # Download latest bootloader release
-          gh release download latest-boot --pattern "*${BOOTLOADER}*" --dir temp_bootloader/
-          cd temp_bootloader/
-          tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
-          cd ../
-          rm -rf temp_bootloader/
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            # Download both SD and eMMC bootloaders
+            gh release download latest-boot --pattern "*${BOOTLOADER_SD}*" --dir temp_bootloader_sd/
+            mkdir -p output_sd/images
+            cd temp_bootloader_sd/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_sd/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader_sd/

-          # Download latest Infix release
-          gh release download latest --pattern "*${TARGET}*" --dir temp_infix/
-          cd temp_infix/
-          tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
-          cd ../
-          rm -rf temp_infix/
+            gh release download latest-boot --pattern "*${BOOTLOADER_EMMC}*" --dir temp_bootloader_emmc/
+            mkdir -p output_emmc/images
+            cd temp_bootloader_emmc/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_emmc/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader_emmc/

-          echo "All files extracted to output/images:"
-          ls -la output/images/
+            # Download Infix once and extract to both directories
+            gh release download latest --pattern "*${TARGET}*" --dir temp_infix/
+            cd temp_infix/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_sd/images/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output_emmc/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_infix/
+
+            echo "SD files extracted to output_sd/images:"
+            ls -la output_sd/images/
+            echo "eMMC files extracted to output_emmc/images:"
+            ls -la output_emmc/images/
+          else
+            # Download latest bootloader release
+            gh release download latest-boot --pattern "*${BOOTLOADER}*" --dir temp_bootloader/
+            cd temp_bootloader/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_bootloader/
+
+            # Download latest Infix release
+            gh release download latest --pattern "*${TARGET}*" --dir temp_infix/
+            cd temp_infix/
+            tar -xzf *.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C ../output/images/
+            cd ../
+            rm -rf temp_infix/
+
+            echo "All files extracted to output/images:"
+            ls -la output/images/
+          fi
        env:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Verify extracted files
        run: |
-          echo "Files available for mkimage.sh:"
-          ls -la output/images/
-          echo ""
-          echo "File types:"
-          file output/images/* || true
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            echo "Files available for SD image:"
+            ls -la output_sd/images/
+            echo ""
+            echo "Files available for eMMC image:"
+            ls -la output_emmc/images/
+          else
+            echo "Files available for mkimage.sh:"
+            ls -la output/images/
+            echo ""
+            echo "File types:"
+            file output/images/* || true
+          fi

      - name: Create SD card image
        run: |
-          export BINARIES_DIR=$PWD/output/images
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            export BINARIES_DIR=$PWD/output_sd/images
+            export BUILD_DIR=$PWD/build
+            export BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH=$PWD
+            export RELEASE=""
+            export INFIX_ID="infix"
+            ./utils/mkimage.sh -t sdcard ${{ inputs.board }}
+          else
+            export BINARIES_DIR=$PWD/output/images
+            export BUILD_DIR=$PWD/build
+            export BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH=$PWD
+            export RELEASE=""
+            export INFIX_ID="infix"
+            ./utils/mkimage.sh ${{ inputs.board }}
+          fi
+
+      - name: Create eMMC image
+        if: ${{ env.BUILD_EMMC == 'true' }}
+        run: |
+          export BINARIES_DIR=$PWD/output_emmc/images
          export BUILD_DIR=$PWD/build
          export BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH=$PWD
          export RELEASE=""
          export INFIX_ID="infix"
-          ./utils/mkimage.sh ${{ inputs.board }}
+          ./utils/mkimage.sh -t emmc ${{ inputs.board }}

-      - name: Verify created image
+      - name: Verify created images
        run: |
-          echo "Contents of output/images after mkimage.sh:"
-          ls -lh output/images/
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            echo "SD card image:"
+            ls -lh output_sd/images/*-sdcard.img* 2>/dev/null || true
+            if ls output_sd/images/*-sdcard.img 1> /dev/null 2>&1; then
+              for img in output_sd/images/*-sdcard.img; do
+                echo "- $(basename $img)"
+                file "$img"
+                fdisk -l "$img" 2>/dev/null | head -20
+              done
+            fi

-          # Look for SD card image with pattern: *-sdcard.img
-          if ls output/images/*-sdcard.img 1> /dev/null 2>&1; then
-            echo "Found SD card image(s):"
-            for img in output/images/*-sdcard.img; do
-              echo "- $(basename $img)"
-              file "$img"
-              fdisk -l "$img" 2>/dev/null || true
-            done
+            echo ""
+            echo "eMMC image:"
+            ls -lh output_emmc/images/*-emmc.img* 2>/dev/null || true
+            if ls output_emmc/images/*-emmc.img 1> /dev/null 2>&1; then
+              for img in output_emmc/images/*-emmc.img; do
+                echo "- $(basename $img)"
+                file "$img"
+                fdisk -l "$img" 2>/dev/null | head -20
+              done
+            fi
+
+            # Copy both images to output/images for artifact upload
+            mkdir -p output/images
+            cp output_sd/images/*-sdcard.img* output/images/ 2>/dev/null || true
+            cp output_emmc/images/*-emmc.img* output/images/ 2>/dev/null || true
          else
-            echo "No SD card image found matching pattern: *-sdcard.img"
-            echo "Available files:"
-            ls -la output/images/
-            exit 1
+            echo "Contents of output/images after mkimage.sh:"
+            ls -lh output/images/
+
+            # Look for SD card image with pattern: *-sdcard.img
+            if ls output/images/*-sdcard.img 1> /dev/null 2>&1; then
+              echo "Found SD card image(s):"
+              for img in output/images/*-sdcard.img; do
+                echo "- $(basename $img)"
+                file "$img"
+                fdisk -l "$img" 2>/dev/null || true
+              done
+            else
+              echo "No SD card image found matching pattern: *-sdcard.img"
+              echo "Available files:"
+              ls -la output/images/
+              exit 1
+            fi
          fi

-      - name: Upload SD card image
+      - name: Upload images as artifacts
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
-          name: sdcard-image-${{ inputs.board }}-${{ env.BOOTLOADER }}
+          name: images-${{ inputs.board }}
          path: |
            output/images/*-sdcard.img*
+            output/images/*-emmc.img*
          retention-days: 30

      - name: Create checksums
        run: |
          cd output/images/
-          for file in *-sdcard.img; do
+          for file in *-sdcard.img *-emmc.img; do
            if [ -f "$file" ]; then
              sha256sum "$file" > "$file.sha256"
            fi
@@ -198,11 +338,28 @@ jobs:
          prerelease: true
          tag: "latest-boot"
          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          artifacts: "output/images/*-sdcard.img*"
+          artifacts: "output/images/*-sdcard.img*,output/images/*-emmc.img*"

      - name: Generate summary
        run: |
-          cat <<EOF >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          if [ "$BUILD_EMMC" = "true" ]; then
+            cat <<EOF >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          # SD Card & eMMC Image Build Complete! 🚀
+
+          **Board:** ${{ inputs.board }}
+          **Target:** ${{ env.TARGET }}
+          **SD Bootloader:** ${{ env.BOOTLOADER_SD }}
+          **eMMC Bootloader:** ${{ env.BOOTLOADER_EMMC }}
+          **Artifact Source:** ${{ inputs.use_latest_release && 'Latest Release' || 'Latest Workflow Run' }}
+
+          ## Created Images
+          $(find output/images/ -name "*.img" -o -name "*.img.bmap" | xargs ls -lh 2>/dev/null | awk '{print "- " $9 " (" $5 ")"}' || echo "- No images found")
+
+          ## Download
+          Both SD card and eMMC images are available as workflow artifacts above and in the latest-boot release.
+          EOF
+          else
+            cat <<EOF >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
          # SD Card Image Build Complete! 🚀

          **Board:** ${{ inputs.board }}
@@ -211,8 +368,9 @@ jobs:
          **Artifact Source:** ${{ inputs.use_latest_release && 'Latest Release' || 'Latest Workflow Run' }}

          ## Created Images
-          $(find output/images/ -name "*.img*" -o -name "*.qcow2" -o -name "*.raw" | xargs ls -lh 2>/dev/null | sed 's/^/- /' || echo "- No images found")
+          $(find output/images/ -name "*.img" -o -name "*.img.bmap" | xargs ls -lh 2>/dev/null | awk '{print "- " $9 " (" $5 ")"}' || echo "- No images found")

          ## Download
          The SD card image is available as a workflow artifact above.
          EOF
+          fi
@@ -1,27 +1,230 @@
-# Banana Pi R3
+# Banana Pi BPI-R3

-## Support level
-Full support for all Infix enabled features including switched ethernet ports, WiFi,
-and SFP interfaces. The board includes comprehensive hardware support for
-MediaTek MT7986 SoC features.
+<img src="bananapi-bpi-r3.webp" alt="The board" width=800 padding=10>

-### Hardware features
-The Banana Pi R3 is a high-performance networking board featuring:
- MediaTek MT7986 ARM Cortex-A53 quad-core processor
- 4x Gigabit LAN ports (lan1-lan4)
- 1x Gigabit WAN port
- 2x SFP ports (sfp1, sfp2) for fiber connectivity
- Dual WiFi interfaces (wifi0 for 2.4GHz, wifi1 for 5GHz)
- USB support
- SD card boot support
+## Overview

-### Network configuration
-The board comes preconfigured with:
- 4 switched LAN ports for internal networking
- Dedicated WAN port with DHCP client enabled
- SFP ports for high-speed fiber connections
- Dual WiFi interfaces for wireless connectivity
+The Banana Pi R3 is a high-performance networking board with full Infix
+support for all enabled features including switched Ethernet ports, WiFi,
+and SFP interfaces.

-### Pre-built images
-SD card image: [infix-bpi-r3-sdcard.img](https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/download/latest-boot/infix-bpi-r3-sdcard.img)
+### Hardware Features

+- MediaTek MT7986 ARM Cortex-A53 quad-core processor @ 2.0 GHz
+- 2 GB DDR4 RAM
+- 8 GB eMMC storage + microSD card slot
+- 5x Gigabit Ethernet ports (4x LAN, 1x WAN)
+- 2x SFP cages for fiber connectivity (1G/2.5G)
+- Dual-band WiFi (2.4 GHz + 5 GHz)
+- USB 3.0 port
+- Mini PCIe slot
+
+### Default Network Configuration
+
+Infix comes preconfigured with:
+
+- **LAN ports** (lan1-lan4): Bridged for internal networking
+- **WAN port**: DHCP client enabled for internet connectivity
+- **SFP ports** (sfp1, sfp2): Available for configuration
+- **WiFi interfaces** (wifi0, wifi1): Available for configuration
+
+## Getting Started
+
+### Quick Start with SD Card
+
+The easiest way to get started is using an SD card:
+
+1. **Download the SD card image:** [infix-bpi-r3-sdcard.img][2]
+2. **Flash the image to an SD card:** see [this guide][0]
+3. **Set boot switches:**
+   - Set DIP switches to **0000** (SD card boot mode)
+   - Switch positions are on the underside of the board near the SD slot
+4. **Boot the board:**
+   - Insert the SD card
+   - Connect power
+   - Connect to LAN port or console (115200 8N1)
+   - Default login: `admin` / `admin`
+
+### Boot Switch Reference
+
+The BPI-R3 has a 4-position DIP switch that controls boot media:
+
+<img align="right" src="bootstrap-switch.webp" alt="DIP switches" width=200 padding=10>
+
+| Position | Mode        | Description                           |
+|----------|-------------|---------------------------------------|
+| 0000     | SD card     | Boot from microSD card (recommended)  |
+| 0110     | eMMC        | Boot from internal eMMC storage       |
+| 0101     | SPI NAND    | Boot from SPI NAND (advanced users)   |
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Switch position is read from left to right: "0" = OFF, "1" = ON.  
+> When the DIP switch is in the "UP" position it is OFF(0).
+
+## Advanced: Installing to eMMC
+
+For production deployments or better performance, you can install Infix
+to the internal eMMC storage. This is more complex but provides faster
+boot times and eliminates the external SD card.
+
+### Why Use eMMC?
+
+**Advantages:**
+
+- Faster boot and better performance
+- No external SD card to manage
+- More robust for industrial/embedded deployments
+
+**Disadvantages:**
+
+- More complex installation process
+- Requires intermediate NAND boot step
+- Harder to recover from errors
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+- FTDI USB-to-serial cable (3.3V) for console access
+- microSD card with Infix (for initial boot)
+- USB flash drive (FAT32 formatted)
+- Downloaded files (see below)
+
+### Required Files
+
+Download and place these files on a FAT32-formatted USB drive:
+
+1. **Intermediate NAND bootloader** (from Frank-W's U-Boot):
+   - [bpi-r3_spim-nand_bl2.img][5] (BL2 loader)
+   - [bpi-r3_spim-nand_fip.bin][6] (FIP image)
+2. **Infix eMMC image:**
+   - [infix-bpi-r3-emmc.img][3] (Complete system image)
+3. **eMMC bootloader** (extracted from):
+   - [bpi-r3-emmc-boot-2025.01-latest.tar.gz][4]
+   - Extract `bl2.img` from the tarball to your USB drive
+
+> [!WARNING]
+> The following process involves multiple boot mode changes.  Take your
+> time verify each step carefully.
+
+### Installation Steps
+
+#### Step 1: Boot from SD card
+
+1. Set boot switches to **0000** (SD card mode)
+2. Insert SD card with Infix
+3. Power on and break into U-Boot (press Ctrl-C during boot)
+
+#### Step 2: Flash intermediate NAND bootloader
+
+This step installs a temporary bootloader to NAND that will help us
+flash the eMMC. From the U-Boot prompt:
+
+```
+usb start
+mtd erase spi-nand0
+fatload usb 0:1 0x50000000 bpi-r3_spim-nand_bl2.img
+mtd write spi-nand0 0x50000000 0x0 0x100000
+fatload usb 0:1 0x50000000 bpi-r3_spim-nand_fip.bin
+mtd write spi-nand0 0x50000000 0x380000 0x200000
+```
+
+#### Step 3: Boot from NAND
+
+1. Power off the board
+2. Set boot switches to **0101** (NAND mode)
+3. Power on - you should boot into U-Boot again
+
+#### Step 4: Write Infix image to eMMC
+
+From the U-Boot prompt:
+
+```
+usb start
+fatload usb 0:1 0x50000000 infix-bpi-r3-emmc.img
+setexpr blocks ${filesize} / 0x200
+mmc write 0x50000000 0x0 ${blocks}
+```
+
+This writes the complete Infix system (partitions, rootfs, etc.) to eMMC.
+
+#### Step 5: Configure eMMC boot
+
+Now configure the eMMC boot partition and write the bootloader:
+
+```
+mmc partconf 0 1 1 1
+mmc erase 0x0 0x400
+fatload usb 0:1 0x50000000 bl2.img
+mmc write 0x50000000 0x0 0x400
+mmc partconf 0 1 1 0
+mmc bootbus 0 0 0 0
+```
+
+#### Step 6: Boot from eMMC
+
+1. Power off the board
+2. Set boot switches to **0110** (eMMC mode)
+3. Remove SD card (optional, but recommended to verify eMMC boot)
+4. Power on
+
+Your BPI-R3 should now boot Infix from internal eMMC storage!
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Board won't boot
+
+- Verify boot switch positions (check twice!)
+- Ensure power supply provides adequate current (12V/2A recommended)
+- Try booting from SD card with switches at **0000**
+
+### Can't break into U-Boot
+
+- Ensure serial console is connected properly (115200 8N1, 3.3V)
+- Press Ctrl-C immediately when you see boot messages
+- Try power cycling and pressing Ctrl-C repeatedly
+
+### eMMC boot fails after installation
+
+- Boot from NAND (**0101**) and verify eMMC image was written
+- Check USB drive contents - ensure all files are present
+- Re-run Step 5 (eMMC boot configuration)
+
+### Reverting to SD card
+
+Simply set boot switches back to **0000** and boot from SD card. The
+eMMC installation does not affect SD card functionality.
+
+## Additional Resources
+
+- [Infix Documentation][1]
+- [Official BPI-R3 Wiki][7]
+- [Release Downloads][8]
+
+## Building Custom Images
+
+See the main Infix documentation for building from source. To build both
+SD card and eMMC images locally:
+
+```bash
+# Build bootloaders for both SD and eMMC
+make x-bpi-r3-sd-boot
+make x-bpi-r3-emmc-boot
+
+# Build main system
+make aarch64
+
+# Create SD card image
+./utils/mkimage.sh -od bananapi-bpi-r3
+
+# Create eMMC image
+./utils/mkimage.sh -odt emmc bananapi-bpi-r3
+```
+
+[0]: https://kernelkit.org/posts/flashing-sdcard/
+[1]: https://kernelkit.org/infix/latest/
+[2]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/download/latest-boot/infix-bpi-r3-sdcard.img
+[3]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/download/latest-boot/infix-bpi-r3-emmc.img
+[4]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/download/latest-boot/bpi-r3-emmc-boot-2025.01-latest.tar.gz
+[5]: https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/releases/download/CI-BUILD-2025-10-bpi-2025.10-2025-10-13_1032/bpi-r3_spim-nand_bl2.img
+[6]: https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/releases/download/CI-BUILD-2025-10-bpi-2025.10-2025-10-13_1032/bpi-r3_spim-nand_fip.bin
+[7]: https://wiki.banana-pi.org/Banana_Pi_BPI-R3
+[8]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/tag/latest-boot
@@ -1 +1 @@
-dtb-y += mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-sd.dtb
+dtb-y += mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-sd.dtb mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-emmc.dtb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3.dtsi"
+#include "mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-emmc.dtsi"
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR MIT)
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 MediaTek Inc.
+ * Author: Sam.Shih <sam.shih@mediatek.com>
+ */
+
+/*
+This is copied from linux where it is an overlay, unfortunatly it is not
+possible to use dtbo in sysboot unless present in syslinux.conf
+*/
+&{/soc/mmc@11230000} {
+        bus-width = <8>;
+        max-frequency = <200000000>;
+        cap-mmc-highspeed;
+        mmc-hs200-1_8v;
+        mmc-hs400-1_8v;
+        hs400-ds-delay = <0x14014>;
+        non-removable;
+        no-sd;
+        no-sdio;
+        status = "okay";
+};
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ image var.ext4 {
        }
 }

-image #INFIX_ID##VERSION#-bpi-r3-sdcard.img {
+image #INFIX_ID##VERSION#-bpi-r3-#TARGET#.img {
        hdimage {
                partition-table-type = "gpt"

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+CONFIG_DEVICE_TREE_INCLUDES="infix-env.dtsi infix-key.dtsi mt7986-emmc-env.dtsi"
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_ADDITIONAL_VARIABLES="BOOT_DEVICE=emmc DRAM_USE_DDR4=1 USE_MKIMAGE=1  MKIMAGE=$(HOST_DIR)/bin/mkimage"
@@ -7,6 +7,27 @@ CONFIG_USB=y
 CONFIG_USB_XHCI_HCD=y
 CONFIG_USB_XHCI_MTK=y
 CONFIG_USB_MTU3=y
-CONFIG_CMD_USB=y
 CONFIG_PHY=y
 CONFIG_PHY_MTK_TPHY=y
+
+CONFIG_MTK_SPIM=y
+CONFIG_SPI=y
+CONFIG_DM_SPI=y
+CONFIG_SPI_FLASH=y
+CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH=y
+CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_MTD=y
+CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_MACRONIX=y
+CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_WINBOND=y
+CONFIG_SPI_FLASH_GIGADEVICE=y
+CONFIG_MTD=y
+CONFIG_DM_MTD=y
+CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS=y
+CONFIG_MTD_SPI_NAND=y
+CONFIG_MTK_SPIM=y
+CONFIG_MTK_SNOR=y
+
+CONFIG_CMD_SF=y
+CONFIG_CMD_USB=y
+CONFIG_CMD_MTD=y
+CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS=y
+CONFIG_CMD_DM=y
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include <mt7986-env.dtsi>
+
+&env {
+      fdtfile = "mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-emmc.dtb";
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+BR2_aarch64=y
+BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL=y
+BR2_TOOLCHAIN_EXTERNAL_BOOTLIN=y
+BR2_DL_DIR="$(BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH)/dl"
+BR2_CCACHE=y
+BR2_CCACHE_DIR="$(BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH)/.ccache"
+BR2_ENABLE_DEBUG=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_OVERRIDE_FILE="$(BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH)/local.mk"
+BR2_GLOBAL_PATCH_DIR="$(BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH)/patches"
+BR2_SSP_NONE=y
+BR2_INIT_NONE=y
+BR2_SYSTEM_BIN_SH_NONE=y
+# BR2_PACKAGE_BUSYBOX is not set
+# BR2_PACKAGE_IFUPDOWN_SCRIPTS is not set
+# BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_TAR is not set
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE=y
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_CUSTOM_GIT=y
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_CUSTOM_REPO_URL="https://github.com/mtk-openwrt/arm-trusted-firmware-mtk.git"
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_CUSTOM_REPO_VERSION="78a0dfd927bb00ce973a1f8eb4079df0f755887a"
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_PLATFORM="mt7986"
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_FIP=y
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_UBOOT_AS_BL33=y
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_ADDITIONAL_VARIABLES="BOOT_DEVICE=emmc DRAM_USE_DDR4=1 USE_MKIMAGE=1  MKIMAGE=$(HOST_DIR)/bin/mkimage"
+BR2_TARGET_ARM_TRUSTED_FIRMWARE_IMAGES="*.img *.bin"
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT=y
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_BUILD_SYSTEM_KCONFIG=y
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_CUSTOM_VERSION=y
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_CUSTOM_VERSION_VALUE="2025.01"
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_BOARD_DEFCONFIG="mt7986a_bpir3_emmc"
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_CONFIG_FRAGMENT_FILES="${BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH}/board/common/uboot/extras.config ${BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH}/board/aarch64/bananapi-bpi-r3/uboot/extras.config ${BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH}/board/aarch64/bananapi-bpi-r3/uboot/emmc-extras.config"
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_NEEDS_DTC=y
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_FORMAT_DTB=y
+BR2_TARGET_UBOOT_CUSTOM_DTS_PATH="${BR2_EXTERNAL_INFIX_PATH}/board/aarch64/bananapi-bpi-r3/uboot/*.dtsi"
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_BMAP_TOOLS=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GENIMAGE=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_RAUC=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_UBOOT_TOOLS=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_UBOOT_TOOLS_FIT_SUPPORT=y
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_UBOOT_TOOLS_FIT_SIGNATURE_SUPPORT=y
+TRUSTED_KEYS=y
+TRUSTED_KEYS_DEVELOPMENT=y
+DISK_IMAGE_BOOT_BIN=y
+DISK_IMAGE_BOOT_DATA="${BINARIES_DIR}/flash-image.bin"
+DISK_IMAGE_BOOT_OFFSET=0x00200000
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ All notable changes to the project are documented in this file.
  VXLAN tunnels.  This also changes the default TTL of tunnels to 64, from the
  kernel default (*inherit*), which in turn fixes reported issues with dropped
  OSPF Hello frames in GRE tunnels
+- [Document][bpi-r3-emmc-documentation] how to go from SD card to eMMC on bpi-r3

 ### Fixes

@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ All notable changes to the project are documented in this file.
  boot step "Mounting filesystems ..." with up to 30 seconds!

 [lastest-boot]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/releases/latest-boot
+[bpi-r3-emmc-documentation]: https://github.com/kernelkit/infix/blob/main/board/aarch64/bananapi-bpi-r3/README.md

 [v25.10.0][] - 2025-10-31
 -------------------------
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ Options:
  -l              List available boards
  -o              Override auto-detection of genimage.sh, use host installed version
  -r root-dir     Path to rootfs build directory or rootfs.squashfs file (default: O= or output/)
+  -t target       Image target type: sdcard or emmc (default: sdcard)

 Arguments:
  board-name      Board identifier (must come after options)
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ Description:
  from separate boot and rootfs sources. Useful for CI or manual image creation.

 Output:
-  SD card image saved to \$BINARIES_DIR/*-sdcard.img
+  Image saved to \$BINARIES_DIR/*-sdcard.img or *-emmc.img

 Examples:
  # From Buildroot build:
@@ -52,6 +53,9 @@ Examples:
  # Download bootloader and compose with Linux image in output directory:
  $0 -od bananapi-bpi-r3

+  # Create eMMC image instead of SD card:
+  $0 -t emmc bananapi-bpi-r3
+
 EOF
 }

@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ run_genimage()
        --config     "$genimage_cfg"

    if command -v bmaptool >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img; do
+        for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-emmc.img; do
            [ -f "$img" ] || continue
            log "Generating block map for $(basename "$img")..."
            bmaptool create -o "${img}.bmap" "$img"
@@ -163,12 +167,17 @@ find_build_dir()
 get_bootloader_name()
 {
    board="$1"
+    target="$2"
    case "$board" in
        raspberrypi-rpi64)
            echo "rpi64_boot"
            ;;
        bananapi-bpi-r3)
-            echo "bpi_r3_boot"
+            if [ "$target" = "emmc" ]; then
+                echo "bpi_r3_emmc_boot"
+            else
+                echo "bpi_r3_sd_boot"
+            fi
            ;;
        friendlyarm-nanopi-r2s)
            echo "nanopi_r2s_boot"
@@ -187,8 +196,9 @@ download_bootloader()
 {
    board="$1"
    build_dir="$2"
+    target="$3"

-    bootloader=$(get_bootloader_name "$board") || return 1
+    bootloader=$(get_bootloader_name "$board" "$target") || return 1

    if ! command -v gh >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        die "gh CLI not found. Install it or build bootloader locally."
@@ -271,7 +281,7 @@ discover_rpi_boot_files()
    echo "$files"
 }

-while getopts "hldfob:r:" opt; do
+while getopts "hldfob:r:t:" opt; do
    case $opt in
        b)
 	    BOOT_DIR="$OPTARG"
@@ -299,6 +309,9 @@ while getopts "hldfob:r:" opt; do
 	    ROOT_DIR="$OPTARG"
 	    STANDALONE=1
 	    ;;
+	t)
+	    TARGET="$OPTARG"
+	    ;;
        *)
 	    usage
 	    exit 1
@@ -312,6 +325,22 @@ if ! validate_board "$1"; then
    exit 1
 fi

+# Validate and set default target
+: "${TARGET:=sdcard}"
+case "$TARGET" in
+    sd|sdcard)
+        TARGET="sdcard"
+        ;;
+    emmc)
+        TARGET="emmc"
+        ;;
+    *)
+        err "Invalid target: $TARGET. Must be 'sdcard' or 'emmc'"
+        usage
+        exit 1
+        ;;
+esac
+
 # Standalone mode: set up environment from build directories
 if [ -n "$STANDALONE" ]; then
    # In download mode without explicit dirs, default to same location for both
@@ -404,7 +433,7 @@ if [ -n "$DOWNLOAD_BOOT" ]; then
    # Save original output location
    ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR="$BINARIES_DIR"

-    download_bootloader "$BOARD" "$BUILD_DIR"
+    download_bootloader "$BOARD" "$BUILD_DIR" "$TARGET"

    # Now use the temporary directory for composition
    BINARIES_DIR="$SDCARD_TEMP_DIR"
@@ -458,7 +487,7 @@ fi
 # Epxand template variables
 sed "s|#VERSION#|${RELEASE}|" "$GENIMAGE_TEMPLATE" | \
 sed "s|#INFIX_ID#|${INFIX_ID}|" | \
-sed "s|#TARGET#|sd|" > "$GENIMAGE_CFG"
+sed "s|#TARGET#|${TARGET}|" > "$GENIMAGE_CFG"

 # Clean up temp file if created
 rm -f "${GENIMAGE_CFG}.tmp"
@@ -479,19 +508,19 @@ else
 fi

 if [ -z "$OVERRIDE" ] && command -v "$GENIMAGE_WRAPPER" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    log "Creating SD card image using Buildroot $(basename "$GENIMAGE_WRAPPER") ..."
+    log "Creating $TARGET image using Buildroot $(basename "$GENIMAGE_WRAPPER") ..."
    "$GENIMAGE_WRAPPER" -c "$GENIMAGE_CFG"
 else
-    log "Creating SD card image ..."
+    log "Creating $TARGET image ..."
    run_genimage "$GENIMAGE_CFG"
 fi

 # Post-processing: move images and cleanup if using download mode
 if [ -n "$DOWNLOAD_BOOT" ]; then
-    log "Moving SD card images to $ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR..."
+    log "Moving $TARGET images to $ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR..."
    mkdir -p "$ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR"

-    for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img*; do
+    for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img* "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-emmc.img*; do
        if [ -f "$img" ]; then
            mv "$img" "$ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR/"
            log "  $(basename "$img")"
@@ -505,8 +534,8 @@ if [ -n "$DOWNLOAD_BOOT" ]; then
    BINARIES_DIR="$ORIGINAL_BINARIES_DIR"
 fi

-log "SD card image created successfully:"
-for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img*; do
+log "$TARGET image created successfully:"
+for img in "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-sdcard.img* "${BINARIES_DIR}"/*-emmc.img*; do
    if [ -f "$img" ]; then
        if [ -n "$STANDALONE" ]; then
            # Show relative path in standalone mode